E

leanor is a fascinating subject.  Captivating.  Mysterious.  Powerful.  Maternal­—a vixen.  A beautiful manipulator.  A woman who kept her head despite the intrigue.  Queen of France as well as Queen of England, she is best known as Eleanor of Aquitaine.

Born in 1122, Eleanor’s family had more land and vassals than the king of France.  While they swore allegiance to their king, the Aquitanians were a powerful entity without him, as he well knew.  When the sickly King Louis VI received word of Duke William X’s surprise death, he immediately sent his sixteen-year old son, Prince Louis, to marry the fifteen-year old Duchess Eleanor before anyone else grabbed the prize.  This ensured the loyalty of the Aquitanian vassals, and greatly enriched the royal coffers.  Eleanor’s beauty was a bonus.

Almost immediately after the wedding, Louis the Fat died.  The newlyweds traveled hastily to Paris as King and Queen.  Eleanor’s Aquitaine was brilliant with arts, song and dance – Paris, in depressing contrast, gloomy and overcrowded.  Women were subservient and dull.  She’d been raised to use her head for more than wimple holding.  Thanks to her upbringing, Eleanor was able to stand her ground within the ancestral castle, adding hygiene and style instead of meekly accepting the status quo.  Ordering clean rushes and inviting singers to entertain so upset the Dowager Queen that she left the castle, leaving Louis alone to fall more in love with his charming, strong-willed wife.

Eleanor seems to have thrived in the face of opposition.  She rode astride.  Read.  Wrote.  Listened and advised Louis in matters of state.  In 1147, when Abbot Bernard asked for crusaders to save Edessa from the Turks, Eleanor plopped to her knees right next to Louis, pledging her Aquitainian vassals for the cause.  Some believe she gathered a few of her ladies and dressed in white tunics and red plumes to ride back and forth on the hill behind the Abbot  – generating more fervor – and more volunteers!

Eleanor and Louis wanted different things from the crusade.  She wanted adventure, while he wanted redemption.  Each was disappointed.  The crusade was a failure, ending with a miserable queen in search of a divorce, which Louis wouldn’t grant.  Some blamed Eleanor and her extravagance, but all knew the king had the military experience of a monk.  Since Louis had been yanked from the monastery to rule when his older brother was suddenly killed, his lack of blood lust made sense.  Religion brought comfort, so he turned to the church, shutting Eleanor from his confidences.  She was miserable.

After their second child in fourteen years was born, another girl, Eleanor heard whispers that their royal union was cursed.  Fine by her – she just wanted out.  After much manipulation and intrigue, she finally got her divorce on the grounds of being too closely related (fourth cousins) in 1152.  The Duchy of Aquitaine remained hers.  While most women in that time would have been sent to a convent in shame, she went and married the powerful young Duke of Normandy, Henry.  Eleanor was over ten years his senior, but Henry didn’t care.  They were similar in their zest for life.  And through Henry’s mother, it was possible Eleanor could one day be Queen of England.  Louis felt betrayed by the wife he still loved when he heard the news she’d wed his enemy.  Normandy and Aquitaine combined made a formidable foe.

Eleanor had outwitted Louis, but she learned that Henry was not so malleable.  Hot tempered, he was passion personified.  She dreamed of a future where they would rule England together.  Henry left her in Portiers, pregnant but busy creating the court she’d always wanted.  Minstrels and poets helped spread Eleanor’s ideals of chivalry.

Henry returned from England, the throne in the bag.  Eleanor, the ‘cursed’ queen, gave him the first of many sons.  In love, they seemed unstoppable, and by 1154, she once again wore a crown.

 

 

 

 

 

She and Henry brought order to a war torn country.  Eleanor traveled at Henry’s side, having found her match in the energy department.  At ease on horseback, she also liked the finer things, importing rich red wines and silk.  She ruled justly in Henry’s absence, and could move an entire castle within hours at his call.  Despite all the hardships of being a king and queen in medieval times, Eleanor stood by her man for fourteen years – until he fell out of love with her, and in love with another.  Eleanor was truly hurt by his defection.  She left England for her beloved Aquitaine, determined to prove she didn’t need a husband.  As Duchess, she chose to rule with her son, Richard, instead of Henry.  Always her favorite, Richard was the embodiment of the perfect knight.  With her eldest daughter, Countess Marie, she taught the youth about courtly love – a theme so popular it traveled through the continent.  She also supported her sons’ rebellion against their father, King Henry.  With her help, the ungrateful man had conquered lands, but he shared nothing with his children.  Gave no respect to her.  Eleanor went to her ex, King Louis, asking for his support.  Of course, he gave it.  He owed Henry a mortal blow.

Henry refused to believe his sons would rebel and he listened to his advisors, who laid all the blame at Eleanor’s feet.  Angry with his wife, Henry set a trap and captured an escaping, mail-clad Eleanor.  He took her as a prisoner back to England.  She was confined for the next fifteen years, until his death.  Released at the age of sixty-seven, Eleanor wasn’t ready to put up her toes and sing Alleluia.  She retained her political acumen, and easily accepted the mantle of power in Richard’s stead, until he could be crowned king.  She ensured that he was popular by performing acts of justice in his name – Eleanor knew how to rule.  When Richard left England for crusade, Eleanor went in search of a bride for the unmarried king.  She was almost seventy when she crossed the Alps in winter to bring his fiancé, Berengaria of Navarre, to Sicily.  She stayed four days and returned home.  It was Eleanor who raised the money to pay Richard’s ransom, and it was Eleanor who foiled John’s plot to take the throne.  The woman finally got a chance to rest after she and Richard shared a coronation, cementing his rule in England.  She retired – as a guest – at the Abbey of Fontevrault.  A few years later she traveled over a hundred miles to reach her favorite son’s side.  He died in her arms, naming John as heir to England.  At seventy-seven, Eleanor had a king to make.  Despite her guidance, John lost Normandy and Anjou to the French.  Eleanor died at the age of eighty-two, a queen of all queens.

Eleanor_pic

Eleanor of Aquitaine

buried at Fontevrault in 1204

 

Traci is currently working on a series about Eleanor and her female companions on crusade.  There isn’t a lot written about Eleanor specifically—we don’t know what color hair or eyes she had, we just know that she was considered a great beauty.  Depending on who is telling the story, she is a temptress or as pious as a nun.  One thing stays true, Eleanor is a woman of great intrigue, making her a perfect romantic heroine!  Eleanor is featured in Beauty’s Curse Traci’s 11/09 historical romance.  Please visit Traci at www.traciehall.com.

 

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